2021陕西学位英语测试重点：动名词应注意的问题
1、在关于动名词的作用
1）在 “it is no use/no good/worthwhile/useless/a waste of time…”, “There is /was no (point)…”和 “have difficulty/trouble /fun/problem/a good time/a hard time…”等结构中续接动作须用动名词形式
It is no use complaining about it.
It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters.
There is no point arguing about it further.
2）以下动词/短语后以及所有的介词只接动名词作宾语：admit, advise, allow, anticpate, appreciate, advoid, consider（考虑），delay, deny, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forbid, forgive, imagine, mind（介意）,miss, pardon, permit, postpone, practice, propose, resent, resist, risk, save, suggest, understand; can’t help, can’t stand/bear, feel like, attribute to （把……归因于）, be opposed to, be used to, confess to （承认）,contribute to （有助于）,dedicate to （致力于，贡献给）,devote to, lead to, look forward to, object to, take to, stick to
3）在remember, forget, regret, try, mean, stop, cease, go on, continue , finish 等词后接不定式和动名词意义不同
You must remember to post my letter. I didn’t remember meeting this person before
I don’t mean to give up the plan. Their final decision means refusing my ideas.
2、关于动名词的时态
一般式和完成式间的区别与上述不定式的相关态相同
They are all interested in climbing mountains.
I have no idea of their having done such a thing.
3、关于动名词的语态
在动词deserve, need, require, want, be worth 后，用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义
The watch needs cleaning (=The watch needs to be cleaned.)
This problem deservers discussing about. (=This problem deserves to be discussed)
分词应注意的问题：
1、现在分词和过去分词的差异
现在分词表示主动和进行；过去分词表示被动和完成
running water----boiled water dripping taps----fallen leaves
2、关于分词的作用
1）分词作表语：现在分词常常表示主动关系或特性，其主语或修饰的对象通常是物；过去分词表示被动关系或处于某种状态，其主语通常是人。
His argument is very convincing.
They were very excited at the news
2）非谓语动词作定语的差异；现在分词指正在进行的动作；过去分词指过去发生的动作；不定式指将来进行的动作。
The question being discussed is of great importance.
The question discussed is of great importance.
The question to be discussed tomorrow is of great importance.
3）分词作宾补：动词look at, notice, see, watch, hear, listen to, feel, make等既可接现在分词也可接动词不定式，区别是现在分词着重说明动作正在发生，不定式则着重说明动作的全过程。
I saw the boys climbing the wall.
I saw the boys climb the wall.
